Ibintu 5 ugomba gusuzuma mugihe uhisemo imyenda ikingira kuzimya umuriro
Mu bihe bibi aho bigurumana n'umwotsi biri hamwe, abashinzwe kuzimya umuriro bafite inshingano zo kurokora ubuzima no kurinda umutungo. TheUmuriro urinda imyendaBambara ni inzitizi yingenzi irwanya iterabwoba nkubushyuhe, umuriro n'imiti. Noneho, guhitamo imyenda ikirinda kugirango abashinzwe kuzimya umuriro ni ngombwa, kandi ibintu bitanu bikurikira bigomba gushimangirwa.
Ugereranije na SMS na MPF ibikoresho bya MPF, dupont™Imyenda ya Tyvek® itanga uburimbane bwiza bwo kurinda, kuramba, guhumuriza no kurwanya. Kurwanya ibice hamwe nabakozi bandura, Tyvek® ikora inzitizi yo guhumeka ituma abashinzwe kuzimya umuriro.
Igipimo cyinjira nicyitegererezo cyingenzi mugihe cyo gusuzuma ubushobozi bwo kurinda imyenda ikingira kugirango birinde imiti yimiti nubutaka. Igipimo cyo kwinjira mu miti itandukanye y'amazi mu myambaro yo gukingira iratandukanye, bityo birambuye kumeza yimikorere ya contation pronetration yatanzwe nuwabikoze ari ntagereranwa.
Ameza arimo umwanya nyawo (umuyobozi wa BT), nikihe gifata kuri molekile yambere yinjira mu mwenda; Bt 1.0, nikihe kirimo kugera kugirango ugere ku giciro cyinjira cya 1 mg / cm² // min, ukurikije ibipimo by'Uburayi; Igipimo cya Leta gihoraho (SSPR); Kandi igipimo ntarengwa cyo gucengerwa (MDPR). (SSPR); Igipimo ntarengwa cyo gucengerwa (MDPR) nibindi bipimo kugirango utange ishingiro ryumvikane ryo guhitamo ibikoresho birinda.
Iyo ushushanyije imyenda ikingira umuriro, uburinganire bworoshye bugomba gushakishwa hagati yo guhumurizwa no kurengera. Kugabanya imihangayiko yubushyuhe nurufunguzo rwo kuzamura ihumure. Kurugero, kwemeza igishushanyo gishoboza icyuya cyo kuvoma kure yumubiri byihuse birashobora kugabanya neza ibidashoboka kubashinzwe kuzimya umuriro mubushyuhe bukabije. Mugihe kimwe, ubunini bukwiye bwambaye ubusa, nkimyenda ari nto cyane cyangwa igakomera cyane kandi ikagabanya ubushyuhe bwo kuhengeri, mugihe imyenda iboneye ishobora kuzamura ihumure mugihe urinda kurinda.
Mugihe abashinzwe kuzimya umuriro bakeneye gutwara ibikoresho byinshi kandi byinshi, kugabanya uburemere bwimyenda ikingira bwahindutse icyerekezo. Gukoresha imyenda yoroheje, ubuziranenge ntabwo yemeza urwego rwo kurinda gusa, ahubwo rutuma abashinzwe kuzimya umuriro bigenda vuba kandi neza mugihe bakora imirimo yabo.
Imyenda myiza yo kuzimya umuriro mubisanzwe ikubiyemo imiterere yimiterere myinshi, harimo na bariyeri yubushuhe, umurongo utinyuka nigikonoshwa. Interinezi yubushuhe irashobora guhagarika kwinjira mumazi n'amazi meza; Ubushyuhe bwumuriro burashobora guhagarika neza kwimura ubushyuhe; Igikonoshwa kirwanya umuriro nubushyuhe bwinshi, ibice bikorana kugirango birinde abazimya umuriro mubice byose.
Imyenda yo kurinda igomba kugira ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ubushyuhe bwimbitse, ubushyuhe bushingiye ku gitsina no guhura na flame. Ubushyuhe bwimbitse buzigama ubushyuhe muburyo bwimirasire yubushyuhe, ubushyuhe buhuza binyuze mu kirere cyangwa amazi yo kwimura amazi, guhuza flame, hamagara flame cyane yubushyuhe bwinshi. Gukoresha ibikoresho birimo ubushyuhe bwinshi, nka Nomex cyangwa Kevlar, birashobora kunoza cyane uburinzi bwamyenda muri utwo turere. Urugero, Nomex itanga abashinzwe kuzimya umuriro mu bushyuhe buhebuje, ikirimi n'ubuhanga bwa chimique, n'ubushobozi bwayo bwo gukomeza guhagarara ahantu hashyushye.
Mbere yo guhitamo imyenda ikingira umuriro, isuzuma ryuzuye rifite ibyago ni intambwe ikenewe. Binyuze mu gusuzuma ibikorwa byihariye byo kuzimya umuriro hamwe nibibazo bishobora gusobanurwa, kugirango bisobanuke guhitamo imyenda ibereye kugirango habeho ingaruka zo kurinda.
Kurandura imyenda bisuzumwa binyuze muri kanseri, amarira no kugapima imbaraga, ndetse no kurwanya Aburamu no gucumirwa. Imyambarire ikingira hamwe nigihero kinini irashobora gukomeza kuba inyangamugayo kandi ukomeze gukora uruhare rwayo kugirango zikoreshwe igihe kirekire hamwe nibidukikije bigoye.
Uburyo na konshuro yo kunyereza birashobora kugira ingaruka ndende kumikorere yimyenda nigiciro cyo gukoresha. Gukaraba bidakwiye birashobora kwangiza imikorere yo kurinda imyenda no kugabanya ubuzima bwa serivisi. Kubwibyo, ibikorwa byiza byo gukaraba no kubitaho bigomba gukurikizwa kugirango imyambarire ikingire iguma muburyo bwiza.
Material
CommonProstectiveCariraMaterial
- Spunbond Meltblown Spunbond Prunbond (SMS): Iyi ni igikoma kitari cyiza cyoherejwe, cyakozwe binyuze muri SPUNBORT, Meltblown, gutunganya ibintu byiza, hamwe na filtration nziza.
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- Tyvek®: Imyenda idahwitse ikozwe muri ultrafine ikomeza flash ya flash poristhylene, ibyo bikaba, tubikesha inzira zabo zidasanzwe, tanga inyungu zidasanzwe mubijyanye no kurinda ibintu birinda.
KugereranyaMaterialPropeties
Ugereranije na SMS na MPF ibikoresho bya MPF, dupont™Imyenda ya Tyvek® itanga uburimbane bwiza bwo kurinda, kuramba, guhumuriza no kurwanya. Kurwanya ibice hamwe nabakozi bandura, Tyvek® ikora inzitizi yo guhumeka ituma abashinzwe kuzimya umuriro.
Ibikoresho
Igipimo cyinjira nicyitegererezo cyingenzi mugihe cyo gusuzuma ubushobozi bwo kurinda imyenda ikingira kugirango birinde imiti yimiti nubutaka. Igipimo cyo kwinjira mu miti itandukanye y'amazi mu myambaro yo gukingira iratandukanye, bityo birambuye kumeza yimikorere ya contation pronetration yatanzwe nuwabikoze ari ntagereranwa.Ameza arimo umwanya nyawo (umuyobozi wa BT), nikihe gifata kuri molekile yambere yinjira mu mwenda; Bt 1.0, nikihe kirimo kugera kugirango ugere ku giciro cyinjira cya 1 mg / cm² // min, ukurikije ibipimo by'Uburayi; Igipimo cya Leta gihoraho (SSPR); Kandi igipimo ntarengwa cyo gucengerwa (MDPR). (SSPR); Igipimo ntarengwa cyo gucengerwa (MDPR) nibindi bipimo kugirango utange ishingiro ryumvikane ryo guhitamo ibikoresho birinda.
Ihumure
TheIamafaranga yaComnd
Imyenda yo kurinda umuriro ikingira yemerera abashinzwe kuzimya umuriro kumwanya muremure nta kibazo kandi ntibibuza kugenda. Niba imyenda ikingira idashimishije, izarangaza ibitekerezo byumunywashyi, bigira ingaruka kubikorwa byubutabazi, ndetse bikabangamira umutekano wubuzima.
KuringanizaComnd kandiPInzira
Iyo ushushanyije imyenda ikingira umuriro, uburinganire bworoshye bugomba gushakishwa hagati yo guhumurizwa no kurengera. Kugabanya imihangayiko yubushyuhe nurufunguzo rwo kuzamura ihumure. Kurugero, kwemeza igishushanyo gishoboza icyuya cyo kuvoma kure yumubiri byihuse birashobora kugabanya neza ibidashoboka kubashinzwe kuzimya umuriro mubushyuhe bukabije. Mugihe kimwe, ubunini bukwiye bwambaye ubusa, nkimyenda ari nto cyane cyangwa igakomera cyane kandi ikagabanya ubushyuhe bwo kuhengeri, mugihe imyenda iboneye ishobora kuzamura ihumure mugihe urinda kurinda.
UmucyoDesgn
Mugihe abashinzwe kuzimya umuriro bakeneye gutwara ibikoresho byinshi kandi byinshi, kugabanya uburemere bwimyenda ikingira bwahindutse icyerekezo. Gukoresha imyenda yoroheje, ubuziranenge ntabwo yemeza urwego rwo kurinda gusa, ahubwo rutuma abashinzwe kuzimya umuriro bigenda vuba kandi neza mugihe bakora imirimo yabo.
UbushyuhePInzira naHkuryaRgissitence
TweNeed forTHermalPInzira
Abashinzwe kuzimya umuriro bahura n'ubushyuhe bukabije n'umuriro, kandi ubushyuhe ni umurimo w'ibanze w'imyambarire ikingira. Aho hakurikira umuriro, ubushyuhe bwinshi burashobora gutera uburemere umuriro mugihe icyo aricyo cyose, bityo imyenda yo kurinda igomba kugira uburinzi buhebuje.
Igice kininiProstectiveSUbushuke
Imyenda myiza yo kuzimya umuriro mubisanzwe ikubiyemo imiterere yimiterere myinshi, harimo na bariyeri yubushuhe, umurongo utinyuka nigikonoshwa. Interinezi yubushuhe irashobora guhagarika kwinjira mumazi n'amazi meza; Ubushyuhe bwumuriro burashobora guhagarika neza kwimura ubushyuhe; Igikonoshwa kirwanya umuriro nubushyuhe bwinshi, ibice bikorana kugirango birinde abazimya umuriro mubice byose.
KurwanyaDIFFErentForms yaHkurya
Imyenda yo kurinda igomba kugira ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ubushyuhe bwimbitse, ubushyuhe bushingiye ku gitsina no guhura na flame. Ubushyuhe bwimbitse buzigama ubushyuhe muburyo bwimirasire yubushyuhe, ubushyuhe buhuza binyuze mu kirere cyangwa amazi yo kwimura amazi, guhuza flame, hamagara flame cyane yubushyuhe bwinshi. Gukoresha ibikoresho birimo ubushyuhe bwinshi, nka Nomex cyangwa Kevlar, birashobora kunoza cyane uburinzi bwamyenda muri utwo turere. Urugero, Nomex itanga abashinzwe kuzimya umuriro mu bushyuhe buhebuje, ikirimi n'ubuhanga bwa chimique, n'ubushobozi bwayo bwo gukomeza guhagarara ahantu hashyushye.
Porogaramu
Itandukaniro muriNeedsDIFFErentFiRightningActivities
Ku kuzimya umuriro utwikiriye ibintu byinshi, kandi ibintu bitandukanye bifite ibisabwa bitandukanye kugirango imyenda ikingire.- Kubaka umuriro: muri ibyo bihe, ibikoresho byose bigomba kubahiriza amahame akoreshwa cyane, nka EN469: 2020 (Urwego 2), 2019 cyangwa NFPA 1991: 2011. Imyenda igomba kubakwa hamwe no kurengera umuriro, inzitizi yubushuhe kurwanya kwinjira mumazi, hamwe nimbogamizi yimbere kugirango itange uburinzire umuriro.
- Gushakisha imijyi no gutabara: Bikunze gukoreshwa mubikorwa byumwanya hamwe nimpanuka yo kumuhanda, imyenda ifata umwanya wimihanda ibiri, hamwe nigice cyimbere cyo hanze hamwe no guhumeka amazi. Iki gishushanyo kidafatika gusa ko abashinzwe kuzimya umuriro bashobora gukora byoroshye mubidukikije bigoye, ariko kandi birinda imihango ishobora gutwara imirima ishobora gutwara mikorobe, nk'amaraso n'amaraso, kandi bigabanya ibyago byo kwandura.
- Kuvuka umuriro mu gasozi: Bitewe n'ibidukikije byumye kandi bishyushye mu gasozi, abashinzwe kuzimya umuriro bakeneye ubusanzwe ko aririnda umuvuduko mwinshi kandi ugabanya neza umukono wa Flame.
TheKen Uruhare rwaRiskASSESTSMES
Mbere yo guhitamo imyenda ikingira umuriro, isuzuma ryuzuye rifite ibyago ni intambwe ikenewe. Binyuze mu gusuzuma ibikorwa byihariye byo kuzimya umuriro hamwe nibibazo bishobora gusobanurwa, kugirango bisobanuke guhitamo imyenda ibereye kugirango habeho ingaruka zo kurinda.UmutekanoSAmatafari kandiDirabura
Ibisobanuro bya Iumukoro ShafiSAmatafari
- NFPPA 1971: Nkibipimo ngenderwaho byo kuzimya umuriro, bishyiraho ibisabwa mu mazi kurengera ubushyuhe, kuramba no kugaragara kw'ibikoresho by'imiterere kandi biteye ubwoba. Ibikoresho byujuje ibipimo ngenderwaho bitanga uburinzi bwiza kubashinzwe kuzimya umuriro mu muriro, nkibisabwa ubushyuhe bwiza kandi butarimo umuriro urwanya flasshaver; kubaka ibintu byinshi birinda; no gukoresha imirongo yerekana no gutunganya amabara yo kuzamura umuriro uzimwotsi numwijima.
- NFPA 1851: Iki gipimo cyibanze ku guhitamo, kwita no kubungabunga ibikoresho byo kuzimya umuriro. Binyuze mu igenzura risanzwe, isuku ikoreshwa, kandi hasobanurwa intera yo gusimbuza, ireba ko ibikoresho bihora bikora neza, bigarinda umutekano wumuriro.
- NFPA 1500: ishyiraho ibisabwa byuzuye kubikoresho byo gukingira, amahugurwa no ku kazi umutekano muri serivisi yumuriro uva mumutekano wumwuga nubushakashatsi bwubuzima. Menya neza ko abashinzwe kuzimya umuriro bafite ibikoresho babishoboye kandi bakira amahugurwa yihariye yo kuzamura umutekano muri rusange.
KurambaASSESTSMESIimbabazi
Kurandura imyenda bisuzumwa binyuze muri kanseri, amarira no kugapima imbaraga, ndetse no kurwanya Aburamu no gucumirwa. Imyambarire ikingira hamwe nigihero kinini irashobora gukomeza kuba inyangamugayo kandi ukomeze gukora uruhare rwayo kugirango zikoreshwe igihe kirekire hamwe nibidukikije bigoye.
Kumesa no gufata neza
Uburyo na konshuro yo kunyereza birashobora kugira ingaruka ndende kumikorere yimyenda nigiciro cyo gukoresha. Gukaraba bidakwiye birashobora kwangiza imikorere yo kurinda imyenda no kugabanya ubuzima bwa serivisi. Kubwibyo, ibikorwa byiza byo gukaraba no kubitaho bigomba gukurikizwa kugirango imyambarire ikingire iguma muburyo bwiza.Umwanzuro
Mugihe uhisemo imyenda ikingira kubasazi, ni ngombwa gusuzuma ibintu bitanu byingenzi byibikoresho, guhumurizwa no kurwanya ubushyuhe, ibintu byo kubisabwa, ibipimo byumutekano no kuramba kugirango bitanga abashinzwe kuzirika umutekano kandi byiza. Ibi ntabwo ari we nyirabayazana gusa n'umutekano w'abasazi gusa, ahubwo ubafasha gukora neza ubutumwa bwo gutabara, kurinda ubuzima ndetse n'abantu benshi.
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